华慧教你如何学习和利用考博英主事各题型中的知识点
华慧教你如何学习和利用考博英主事各题型中的知识点
考博英语考试中，各题型的出题方式和考核重点都各有所异，但是，基本上都涉及对词汇、语法、搭配和句型的运用能力。因此，考生可以学会将一种题型所涉及的内容不断拓展与联系，以此强化知识吸收和应用能力。通常，考生可以从词汇、完形、阅读中学习知识点，应用到翻译和写作这些技能型题型中。如1：
She claimed that she was denied admission to the school ______ her race.
A. by virtue of
B. in accordance with
C. with respect to
D. on account of
① She claimed that… 她认为……
——…claim that… ……认为……
当作文或翻译中，想要表达“某人观点/认为/宣称……”时，可以使用此句型，如：
Scientists claim that there has been a major breakthrough in the fight against cancer. 科学家们宣称攻克癌症已有重大的突破。
② admission to “允许进入；许可”
——admission to the university/college （大学录取）
—— admission to the meeting （允许参会）
——admission to the lecture (参加讲座)
③ by virtue of “凭借”
in accordance with“依照；与……一致”
with respect to “关于”
on account of “因为”
如2（阅读摘录）：
There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect the two approaches are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory.
Those who support the "nature" side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and genetic factor.
Proponents of the "nurture" theory claim that our environments more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act.
① 当遇到辩论型作文时，考生可以应用如上框架展开分析：
There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct views/opinions/thoughts ... on the matter have developed. As one might expect the two approaches are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory.
Those who support … believe that …
Proponents of …claim that…
③ schools of thought “思想流派”
on the matter “在这件事上”
be different from “与……不同”
one another “彼此”
a great deal of “大量”
如3（英译汉）：
As a result of two or three centuries of scientific investigation we have come to believe that nature is understandable in the sense that when we ask her questions by way of appropriate observations and experiments, she will answer truly and reward us with discoveries that endure.
【参考译文】由于两三个世纪以来的科学研究成果，我们逐渐相信，如果运用合适的观察和实验方法向大自然探究问题，她会真心实意地给我们答复，并且以永垂不朽的发现来报答我们。从这个意义上来说，大自然是可以认识的。
② by way of “经由，通过……方法”
reward sb. with “以……报答，酬劳”
endure“持久，持续”
③ As a result of … we have come to believe that…
例：As a result of common efforts of all sectors of society and scientific measures we have come to believe that humanity will conquer the epidemic.
（由于社会各界的共同努力和科学的措施，我们逐渐相信，人类将战胜这一流行病。）
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